{"id":7669,"date":"2025-02-23T02:19:28","date_gmt":"2025-02-23T02:19:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/?p=7669"},"modified":"2025-02-23T02:20:32","modified_gmt":"2025-02-23T02:20:32","slug":"%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 - \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e- \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u041e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Analysis_of_the_crystal_structure_of_graphite\" >\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#The_arrangement_of_carbon_atoms_of_graphite\" >\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0435<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Interlayer_force\" >\u041c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Interpretation_of_soft_properties_of_graphite_from_a_microscopic_perspective\" >\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Interlayer_sliding_under_external_force\" >\u041c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Crystal_structure_factors_related_to_hardness\" >\u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Discussion_on_the_formation_mechanism_of_smoothness\" >\u041e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Relationship_between_layer_slip_and_friction\" >\u0412\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#The_embodiment_of_slippery_in_life\" >\u041e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Application_of_graphite_soft_characteristics\" >\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Application_in_the_field_of_lubricants\" >\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#The_manufacturing_principle_of_pencil_lead\" >\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Conclusion\" >\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#FAQ\" >\u0427\u0410\u0421\u0422\u041e \u0417\u0410\u0414\u0410\u0412\u0410\u0415\u041c\u042b\u0415 \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u042b<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Why_is_diamond_hard\" >\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0437 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0439?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Why_does_graphite_conduct_electricity\" >\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%83-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bc%d1%8f%d0%b3%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b7%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9\/#Why_is_graphite_used_as_a_lubricant\" >\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Analysis_of_the_crystal_structure_of_graphite\"><\/span>\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_arrangement_of_carbon_atoms_of_graphite\"><\/span>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0435<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d1%83%d0%ba%d1%82%d1%83%d1%80%d0%b0-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b0\/\">\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430<\/a>\u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c\u044e \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 0,142 \u043d\u043c \u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 120\u00b0. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Interlayer_force\"><\/span>\u041c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0410\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0412\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0412\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0430, \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0412\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b - \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b. \u0421\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0412\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 4-7 \u043a\u0414\u0436\/\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 346 \u043a\u0414\u0436\/\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c. \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e, \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7674\" src=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Graphite-Soft-.jpg\" alt=\"\u041c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\" width=\"485\" height=\"322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Graphite-Soft-.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Graphite-Soft--300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Graphite-Soft--768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Graphite-Soft--18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Graphite-Soft--600x398.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 485px) 100vw, 485px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Interpretation_of_soft_properties_of_graphite_from_a_microscopic_perspective\"><\/span><b><\/b>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Interlayer_sliding_under_external_force\"><\/span>\u041c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b, \u0432\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b. \u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0410\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043a \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b. \u0418 \u043e\u043d \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Crystal_structure_factors_related_to_hardness\"><\/span>\u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0422\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043a \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0430\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0437). \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u043e\u043d \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041c\u043e\u043e\u0441\u0430, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e 1-2 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Discussion_on_the_formation_mechanism_of_smoothness\"><\/span>\u041e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relationship_between_layer_slip_and_friction\"><\/span>\u0412\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430. \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043e 1\/3-1\/2 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_embodiment_of_slippery_in_life\"><\/span>\u041e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0449\u0443\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u044b \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0412\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0449\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0446 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0438. \u0418 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Application_of_graphite_soft_characteristics\"><\/span>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Application_in_the_field_of_lubricants\"><\/span>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0443\u043c, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 <a href=\"https:\/\/mrf-furnaces.com\/products\/ultra-high-temperature-furnaces\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438<\/a> \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_manufacturing_principle_of_pencil_lead\"><\/span>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u043b\u044c - \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041e\u043d \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0433\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/a> \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0448 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0410 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQ\"><\/span>\u0427\u0410\u0421\u0422\u041e \u0417\u0410\u0414\u0410\u0412\u0410\u0415\u041c\u042b\u0415 \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u042b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_is_diamond_hard\"><\/span>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0437 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0439?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0410\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0437 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0430\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044c\u043c\u044f \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u041c\u043e\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 10.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_does_graphite_conduct_electricity\"><\/span>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u03c3-\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0435\u0439, \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u03c0-\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 p-\u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 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\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0412\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b, \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0442. \u0412\u043e-\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445, \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Graphite is an important carbon material, which is widely used in life and industry. Its soft and slippery characteristics not only lay the foundation for basic applications, but also help materials science to explore the relationship between micro and macro properties. This provides theoretical support for cutting-edge innovative applications. &nbsp; Analysis of the crystal structure [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7674,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-application"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.2.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Why Is Graphite Soft And Slippery? | Jinsun Carbon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Graphite is soft and slippery because of its unique crystal structure. 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