{"id":6140,"date":"2024-10-24T06:37:23","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T06:37:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/?p=6140"},"modified":"2024-10-24T22:56:32","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T22:56:32","slug":"%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041e \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 - \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/what-is-graphite\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043f\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043c.<\/span><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u041e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 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>\u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438\/\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#High_Thermal_Conductivity\" >\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#High_Electrical_Conductivity\" >\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#High-Temperature_Resistant\" >\u0423\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Chemical_Stability\" >\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Mechanical_Strength\" >\u041c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Coefficient_of_Friction\" >\u041a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#How_Is_Pyrolytic_Graphite_Made\" >\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Hydrocarbon_Source_Selection\" >\u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Formation_of_the_Substrate\" >\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#CVD_Chemical_Vapor_Deposition_Process\" >\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b (CVD)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Deposition\" >\u041e\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Cooling\" >\u041e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Applications\" >\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Nuclear_Reactors\" >\u042f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Batteries\" >\u0411\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0438<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Fuel_Cell_Technology\" >\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Graphene_Transistors\" >\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Rocket_Nozzle\" >\u0421\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Medical_Diagnostic_Tools\" >\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Electrochemical\" >\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#X-ray_Tubes\" >\u0420\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0438<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Laser_Light\" >\u041b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/ru\/%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%82\/#Conclusion\" >\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Overview_of_Pyrolytic_Graphite_Compound\"><\/span><b>\u041e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 - \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u043d \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u043d \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anisotropy\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6141 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Pyrolytic-Graphite.jpg\" alt=\"\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\" width=\"870\" height=\"578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Pyrolytic-Graphite.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Pyrolytic-Graphite-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Pyrolytic-Graphite-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Pyrolytic-Graphite-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Pyrolytic-Graphite-600x398.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CharacteristicsProperties_of_Pyrolytic_Graphite\"><\/span><b>\u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438\/\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High_Thermal_Conductivity\"><\/span><b>\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044f\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c 2000 \u0412\u0442\/\u043c-\u041a. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High_Electrical_Conductivity\"><\/span><b>\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443. \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u043a. \u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High-Temperature_Resistant\"><\/span><b>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434. \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445. \u0421\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 3500 \u00b0C \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chemical_Stability\"><\/span><b>\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043d. \u041e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442, \u0449\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435. \u041e\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0443 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b-\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mechanical_Strength\"><\/span><b>\u041c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0441, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 20 \u0434\u043e 40 \u041c\u041f\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Coefficient_of_Friction\"><\/span><b>\u041a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Is_Pyrolytic_Graphite_Made\"><\/span><b>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b. \u0418\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0437\u0430 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hydrocarbon_Source_Selection\"><\/span><b>\u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0430\u0437 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d, \u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d. \u041e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Formation_of_the_Substrate\"><\/span><b>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0433\u0430\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0443. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442. \u0412\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043e\u043d \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CVD_Chemical_Vapor_Deposition_Process\"><\/span><b>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b (CVD)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0423\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u044c. \u0422\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442 200 \u0434\u043e 300\u00b0C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0433\u0430\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434. \u0412\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Deposition\"><\/span><b>\u041e\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041e\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043d\u044b\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cooling\"><\/span><b>\u041e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Applications\"><\/span><b>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nuclear_Reactors\"><\/span><b>\u042f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430-\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0421\u0430\u0439\u0442<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Advanced_Gas-cooled_Reactor\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AGR<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b MAGNOX \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 - \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043e\u043d \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 (HTGR) \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041e\u043d \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 1 000\u00b0C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Batteries\"><\/span><b>\u0411\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0438<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445. \u041e\u043d \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0445.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0439-\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u044f\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u044f\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u044f\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0438 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u0430\u044d\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fuel_Cell_Technology\"><\/span><b>\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041e\u043d \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e. \u0422\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphene_Transistors\"><\/span><b>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440 - \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\u043d. \u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rocket_Nozzle\"><\/span><b>\u0421\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0420\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0413\u043e\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 3 000\u00b0C. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0412\u0412\u0421 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432 1974 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Medical_Diagnostic_Tools\"><\/span><b>\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041e\u043d \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u041c\u0420\u0422. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0445\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0433\u043b\u044e\u043a\u043e\u0437\u044b. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electrochemical\"><\/span><b>\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"X-ray_Tubes\"><\/span><b>\u0420\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0438<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0420\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442. \u0410\u043d\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u041a \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e, \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0439. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Laser_Light\"><\/span><b>\u041b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyrolytic_carbon\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2012<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0439.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432 \u043a \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0443.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><b>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0443. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043d \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443. \u0412 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u041c\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043f\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0442\u0435.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pyrolytic graphite is a polycrystalline graphite that is made of the decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas. This man-made compound looks similar to graphite. However, it has numerous unique properties. As a result, individuals use it in various industries for diverse applications. This post provides you with complete knowledge about pyrolytic graphite, its characteristics, and applications. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6141,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-carbon-graphite"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.2.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>About Pyrolytic Graphite | Jinsun Carbon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pyrolytic graphite is a polycrystalline graphite that is made of the decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas. 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