{"id":6769,"date":"2024-11-23T14:07:32","date_gmt":"2024-11-23T14:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/?p=6769"},"modified":"2024-12-02T21:26:08","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T21:26:08","slug":"propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/","title":{"rendered":"Guia de propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite: Tudo o que voc\u00ea precisa saber"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite s\u00e3o v\u00e1rias propriedades que surgem sob a a\u00e7\u00e3o da for\u00e7a. Essas propriedades podem ser claramente derivadas da particularidade estrutural do grafite - os \u00e1tomos de carbono dentro de cada camada t\u00eam uma liga\u00e7\u00e3o covalente firme, mas entre as camadas, a liga\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 fraca.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdndice<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Alternar tabela de conte\u00fado\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Alternar<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphites_Mechanical_Properties\" >Propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_Compressive_Strength\" >Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o do grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_Flexural_Strength\" >Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 flex\u00e3o do grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_Elastic_Modulus\" >M\u00f3dulo de elasticidade do grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_Thermal_Expansion_Coefficient\" >Coeficiente de expans\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica do grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_Yield_Strength\" >Resist\u00eancia ao rendimento do grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Hardness_of_Graphite\" >Dureza do grafite<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Application_Based_on_Mechanical_Properties_of_Graphite\" >Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o baseada nas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#High-Temperature_Applications\" >Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de alta temperatura<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Aerospace_and_Defense\" >Aeroespacial e Defesa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Nuclear_Industry\" >Ind\u00fastria nuclear<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Lubrication_and_Sealing\" >Lubrifica\u00e7\u00e3o e veda\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Impact_on_graphite_mechanical_properties\" >Impacto nas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_crystal_structure\" >Estrutura cristalina do grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_production_method\" >M\u00e9todo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o de grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_grain_size_and_orientation\" >Tamanho e orienta\u00e7\u00e3o dos gr\u00e3os de grafite<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Graphite_surface_modification_and_functionalization\" >Modifica\u00e7\u00e3o e funcionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da superf\u00edcie do grafite<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/propriedades-mecanicas-do-grafite\/#Conclusion\" >Conclus\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphites_Mechanical_Properties\"><\/span>Propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_Compressive_Strength\"><\/span>Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o do grafite \u00e9 anisotr\u00f3pica, e a resist\u00eancia paralela ao plano \u00e9 muito maior do que na dire\u00e7\u00e3o vertical. Por exemplo, a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o dos eletrodos de carbono na dire\u00e7\u00e3o paralela \u00e9 de 21,6 a 49,0 MPa, enquanto na dire\u00e7\u00e3o vertical \u00e9 de apenas 11,7 a 29,4 MPa. Al\u00e9m disso, a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o do grafite pirol\u00edtico \u00e9 muito maior em altas temperaturas, chegando a 137,3 MPa.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_Flexural_Strength\"><\/span>Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 flex\u00e3o do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 flex\u00e3o do grafite tem diferen\u00e7as de dire\u00e7\u00e3o: 4,9 a 12,7 MPa na dire\u00e7\u00e3o paralela e 5,8 a 15,7 MPa na dire\u00e7\u00e3o vertical. A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 flex\u00e3o do grafite aumenta com o aumento da temperatura, indicando, portanto, excelentes propriedades mec\u00e2nicas em altas temperaturas.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_Elastic_Modulus\"><\/span>M\u00f3dulo de elasticidade do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>O m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade do grafite reflete a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a tens\u00e3o e a deforma\u00e7\u00e3o, a dire\u00e7\u00e3o paralela \u00e9 mais importante do que a dire\u00e7\u00e3o vertical, e a temperatura ambiente \u00e9 particularmente cr\u00edtica. Com o aumento da temperatura, a mudan\u00e7a de seu m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade \u00e9 muito importante para prever o desempenho mec\u00e2nico.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_Thermal_Expansion_Coefficient\"><\/span>Coeficiente de expans\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>O grafite muda com a temperatura, e a diferen\u00e7a do coeficiente de expans\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica \u00e9 \u00f3bvia entre as diferentes dire\u00e7\u00f5es. <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/grafite-pirolitico\/\">Pirol\u00edtico <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/grafite-pirolitico\/\">grafite<\/a> tem excelente estrutura e boa estabilidade dimensional em altas temperaturas.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_Yield_Strength\"><\/span>Resist\u00eancia ao rendimento do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A resist\u00eancia ao escoamento reflete a capacidade do grafite de se transformar de deforma\u00e7\u00e3o el\u00e1stica em deforma\u00e7\u00e3o pl\u00e1stica, e seu tamanho \u00e9 muito influenciado pela dire\u00e7\u00e3o e pela temperatura. A resist\u00eancia ao escoamento melhora muito em altas temperaturas, o que est\u00e1 de acordo com o ambiente de alta temperatura.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hardness_of_Graphite\"><\/span>Dureza do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A dureza do grafite \u00e9 anisotr\u00f3pica e depende do m\u00e9todo de teste; ela pode ser determinada pela dureza de indenta\u00e7\u00e3o ou pela dureza de rebote. O grafite pirol\u00edtico tem uma dureza relativamente alta e \u00e9 especialmente adequado para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de alta precis\u00e3o. A dureza depende da dire\u00e7\u00e3o e da forma como a carga \u00e9 aplicada.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Application_Based_on_Mechanical_Properties_of_Graphite\"><\/span>Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o baseada nas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High-Temperature_Applications\"><\/span>Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de alta temperatura<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Comumente utilizado em pe\u00e7as de fornos, <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/\/cadinho-de-grafite\/\">cadinhos<\/a>Al\u00e9m disso, o material pode reter sua integridade estrutural e resistir \u00e0 deforma\u00e7\u00e3o em temperaturas extremamente altas. Al\u00e9m disso, seu baixo coeficiente de expans\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica reduz efetivamente o estresse t\u00e9rmico e apresenta excelente durabilidade em mudan\u00e7as r\u00e1pidas de temperatura.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aerospace_and_Defense\"><\/span>Aeroespacial e Defesa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Devido \u00e0 sua leveza, alta rela\u00e7\u00e3o resist\u00eancia\/peso e propriedades muito resistentes \u00e0 temperatura, ele tem amplas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es na fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de foguetes <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rocket_engine_nozzle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bicos<\/a>sistemas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica e componentes estruturais. Com suas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas de alta temperatura, o grafite pode proporcionar uma estabilidade muito boa em ambientes extremos. Al\u00e9m disso, sua anisotropia pode ser otimizada pelo projeto para atender aos diversos requisitos de desempenho dos componentes.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nuclear_Industry\"><\/span>Ind\u00fastria nuclear<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As boas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas e a estabilidade qu\u00edmica permitem que o grafite atue tanto como moderador quanto como material estrutural em <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_reactor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nuclear<\/a> reatores. O grafite tem baixa \u00e1rea de se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal de absor\u00e7\u00e3o de n\u00eautrons e alta resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o, o que permite que esse material opere de forma est\u00e1vel por um longo per\u00edodo de tempo em condi\u00e7\u00f5es de alta radia\u00e7\u00e3o e alta temperatura.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lubrication_and_Sealing\"><\/span>Lubrifica\u00e7\u00e3o e veda\u00e7\u00e3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>O grafite tem baixa dureza, boas propriedades autolubrificantes e alta resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o. Ele pode ser amplamente utilizado em <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/pt\/\/graphite-ring\/\">rolamentos<\/a>O material \u00e9 usado para veda\u00e7\u00f5es, gaxetas e selos de equipamentos industriais. Seu baixo coeficiente de atrito e sua excelente resist\u00eancia ao desgaste s\u00e3o particularmente adequados para as necessidades de veda\u00e7\u00e3o em ambientes de alta press\u00e3o, alta temperatura e corros\u00e3o qu\u00edmica.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Impact_on_graphite_mechanical_properties\"><\/span>Impacto nas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_crystal_structure\"><\/span>Estrutura cristalina do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Os limites dos gr\u00e3os dos defeitos de Stone-Wales causam um grande impacto na resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o e no comportamento da fratura. As \u00e1reas em que os defeitos t\u00eam uma estrutura de alta densidade tamb\u00e9m podem ter menor resist\u00eancia mec\u00e2nica, pois a tens\u00e3o local pode estar concentrada.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_production_method\"><\/span>M\u00e9todo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o de grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>O grafite policristalino sintetizado por CVD normalmente envolve limites de gr\u00e3os, o que proporciona menor resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Entretanto, os grafites monocristalinos t\u00eam melhores propriedades mec\u00e2nicas simplesmente porque h\u00e1 menos defeitos.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_grain_size_and_orientation\"><\/span>Tamanho e orienta\u00e7\u00e3o dos gr\u00e3os de grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Isso ocorre porque os gr\u00e3os maiores podem oferecer uma rota mais cont\u00ednua para a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o da tens\u00e3o, aumentando, assim, a resist\u00eancia. No entanto, gr\u00e3os menores levariam a um aumento da fragilidade e a uma redu\u00e7\u00e3o adicional da resist\u00eancia geral devido ao aumento dos limites dos gr\u00e3os.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_surface_modification_and_functionalization\"><\/span>Modifica\u00e7\u00e3o e funcionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da superf\u00edcie do grafite<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A modifica\u00e7\u00e3o e a funcionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da superf\u00edcie permitem a melhoria das intera\u00e7\u00f5es na superf\u00edcie e uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o mais homog\u00eanea das tens\u00f5es, reduzindo as falhas por defeitos. Por exemplo, as superf\u00edcies funcionalizadas podem ser mais duras e resistentes ao crescimento de rachaduras.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclus\u00e3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Como um material n\u00e3o met\u00e1lico, a estrutura e a morfologia do grafite geralmente determinam suas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas. As excelentes propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o amplamente utilizadas em muitos campos industriais. No futuro, a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o das propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do grafite ser\u00e1 ainda mais ampla e profunda com o progresso e o aprimoramento cont\u00ednuos da ci\u00eancia e da tecnologia. Isso proporcionar\u00e1 uma nova dire\u00e7\u00e3o para o desenvolvimento do setor e da ci\u00eancia e tecnologia.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Graphite mechanical properties are various properties which emerged under the action of force. These properties can be clearly derived from graphite&#8217;s structural particularity-the carbon atoms within every layer have a firm covalent bond but in between the layers, the bonding is weak. Graphite&#8217;s Mechanical Properties Graphite Compressive Strength The compressive strength of graphite is anisotropic, [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6776,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-carbon-graphite"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.2.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Graphite Mechanical Properties Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Graphite mechanical properties are characterized by flexural strength, compressive strength, and tensile strength.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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