What is the use of graphite electrodes in electric arc furnace steelmaking?

In electric arc furnace steelmaking, graphite electrodes play a vital role. The main functions include transferring electrical energy, stabilizing the arc, protecting the charge, and playing a role in the roughing and refining process. Graphite electrodes are a high-performance electrode material, which is widely used in the field of steelmaking.  Due to its high thermal conductivity, high melting point, low resistance and corrosion resistance.

Graphite Electrode-High-Quality Conductive Material

In the electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process, graphite electrodes, as conductive materials, have good conductivity. Because it can effectively transfer electrical energy from the power supply to the arc furnace, when the current passes through it. A high-temperature arc is generated, so that the scrap metal is melted into molten steel under the high temperature of the arc.

흑연 전극 have a high melting point and thermal stability. So they and can remain stable under the action of high-temperature arcs to ensure stable combustion of the arc. At the same time, the heat is evenly released to prevent hot spots. This is essential to ensure the continuity and stability of the steelmaking process, and ensure the stability of the steel quality.

During the melting of the charge, the graphite electrode will not melt or degrade in the high-temperature furnace. At the same time, protective gas is also produced to protect the charge from oxidation and corrosion. Its high current efficiency promotes the melting process of charge metal.

Method of smelting graphite electrodes

During the roughing process, the graphite electrode transfers electrical energy to the furnace to melt the scrap steel and oxidize the impurities therein. This process will achieve the purpose of decarbonization, dephosphorization and desulfurization. During the refining process, the graphite electrode controls the steel type by heating and adjusting the charge composition.

Factors affecting electric furnace steelmaking

Quality indicators such as volume density, resistivity, strength, elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient of electrodes and nipples. Machining accuracy of electrodes and nipples. No matter how good the quality of electrodes and joints is, without good machining accuracy (mainly referring to the coordination between electrodes and nipples), the use effect is not good. The internal structure quality of electrodes and nipples requires that there are no cracks inside that cause hidden dangers in use.

The consumption of graphite electrodes is related to factors such as the power of the arc furnace, the quality of the electrodes, and the smelting operation. Generally speaking, the consumption of graphite electrodes accounts for about 10% of the total cost of electric arc furnace steelmaking.

결론

Graphite electrodes play an important role in electric arc furnace steelmaking. They are resistant to high temperatures, have good stability, and transmit current quickly. This ensures the stable input of electrical energy throughout the steelmaking process, as well as the quality stability of steel products.