連続鋳造における黒鉛材料の応用

Graphite material, as a non-metallic material with unique physical and chemical properties, has shown excellent performance in many industrial fields. Its crystal structure gives it excellent properties such as high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity and good chemical stability. This makes it one of the indispensable materials in modern industrial production. In the field of metal continuous casting, the graphite mold made of graphite materials plays a key role. It provides a solid guarantee for the efficient and high-quality implementation of the continuous casting process.

Continuous casting and process

Continuous casting is an advanced metal forming technology. Its basic principle is to continuously cast liquid metal into a specific mold. Under the cooling of the mold, the liquid metal gradually solidifies into a solid metal blank. And traction device pulls out it continuously, so as to achieve continuous metal forming. Compared with the traditional casting method, continuous casting has the advantages of high production efficiency, energy saving, stable product quality and raw materials saving. In continuous casting process, it is like a key part of liquid metal solidification and forming. The performance of the die directly affects the quality and production efficiency of the casting blank. Because of its unique performance advantages, you can widely use and deeply study the graphite mold in continuous casting process.

Characteristics and advantages of graphite mold

High thermal conductivity

Graphite has a very high thermal conductivity. It allows the graphite mold to quickly conduct the heat of the liquid metal during the continuous casting process, achieving efficient heat exchange. In the continuous casting of billets, the graphite mold with high thermal conductivity can make the molten steel cool quickly and evenly. Effectively reduce the stress concentration caused by excessive temperature gradient inside the billet. Thus it reduces the risk of cracks. And it helps to refine the grain structure and improve the strength and toughness of the billet. For example, in actual production, using the graphite mold of the billet continuous casting line, the internal organization of the billet is more dense and uniform. And it significantly improve the product quality.

Good thermal stability

In the continuous casting process, the mold needs to withstand the repeated thermal shock and temperature changes of high temperature liquid metal. And the graphite mold has good thermal stability and can maintain stable physical properties in this harsh thermal environment. It is not easy to deformation, cracking and other defects, to ensure the continuity and stability of continuous casting process. This not only reduces the downtime and production costs caused by mold failure, but also ensures the accuracy of the casting size and the consistency of the surface quality. It provides a reliable basis for subsequent processing processes.

Excellent lubricity

グラファイト itself has excellent lubrication performance. In the process of casting billet release, the lubrication of graphite mold can significantly reduce the friction between the casting billet and the mold. So that the release is more smooth. This is of great significance for improving the surface quality of the billet. It reduces the damage to the surface of the billet during demoulding. Such as strains, scratches and other defects, thus improving the appearance quality of the product and subsequent processing performance. In non-ferrous metal continuous casting, such as aluminum and copper continuous casting, the lubricity of graphite mold is particularly critical. It can meet the high requirements of surface quality of non-ferrous metals and produce high-quality aluminum and copper billets. These are widely used in electronics, electric power and other fields.

Chemical stability

When the graphite mold is in contact with all kinds of liquid metals, it shows good chemical inertia and is not easy to react with metals. This feature effectively avoids the impurities caused by chemical reactions into the cast billet. It ensures the purity and performance of the metal. Whether in steel continuous casting or non-ferrous metal continuous casting, the chemical stability of graphite molds helps to ensure that the quality of the billet meets high industrial requirements. And it also improves the reliability and service life of the product.

Specific application scenarios of graphite mold in continuous casting

Billet continuous casting

In the process of billet continuous casting, you can widely use graphite molds in key parts such as molds. As the initial place of solidification and forming of liquid molten steel in continuous casting process, the performance of the mould plays a decisive role in the quality of the billet. The graphite crystallizer can provide good cooling conditions and uniform solidification environment for the molten steel. So that the billet can form uniform microstructure and good surface quality during solidification.

At the same time, the lubricity and chemical stability of the graphite mold also help to improve the demudding effect and purity of the billet. And provide high-quality raw materials for the subsequent rolling process. For example, in the continuous casting production line of some large iron and steel enterprises, after the use of graphite crystallizer, it significantly reduce the scrap rate of billet. Greatly improve the production efficiency. And also highly recognize the product quality by the market.

Steel continuous casting

Steel continuous casting covers many kinds of steel continuous casting process, such as ordinary carbon steel, alloy steel and so on. The core principle is similar to that of billet continuous casting. But according to the characteristics of different steel grades, the process control in the continuous casting process is different. For alloy steel continuous casting, due to the addition of alloying elements, the solidification characteristics of molten steel change. Such as the liquidus temperature decreases, the solidification interval widens, etc.

This requires the precise control of parameters such as temperature, composition and cooling rate of molten steel in the continuous casting process to prevent the occurrence of defects such as segregation and cracks. For example, in the continuous casting of stainless steel, it is necessary to strictly control the content uniformity of alloying elements such as chromium and nickel. And at the same time, adjust the cooling system of the crystallizer and the secondary cooling zone.

To ensure the surface quality and internal quality of the casting billet. And ensure we can use the produced stainless steel casting billet to manufacture a variety of high-end tableware, chemical equipment, etc.. To meet the special performance needs of steel in different fields.

Non-ferrous metal (aluminum, copper, etc.) continuous casting

For the continuous casting of non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum, copper, etc., graphite molds also play an important role. Taking aluminum continuous casting as an example. Due to the relatively low melting point of aluminum and the high requirements for the surface quality and internal organization of the casting billet. The high thermal conductivity of the graphite mold is enough to meet the needs of the rapid solidification of the liquid aluminum. And its lubricity and chemical stability help to produce an aluminum billet with a smooth surface and dense internal organization. These aluminum billets have a wide range of applications in electronics, power and other industries. Such as for manufacturing wire and cable, electronic radiator and other products.

In copper continuous casting, the graphite mold can also effectively ensure the quality of copper billets. And meet the high performance requirements of copper in the fields of power transmission and mechanical manufacturing. For example, in the manufacturing of heat dissipation parts of some high-end electronic equipment, the copper produced by graphite mold continuous casting can better meet the heat dissipation needs of the equipment. And improve the performance and stability of the equipment because of its good heat conduction performance and high-quality internal organization.

Technical points of graphite mold in continuous casting application process

Mold design and manufacturing process optimization

According to the continuous casting metal and process parameters, optimize the structure and size of the graphite mold. Taking into account heat conduction, mechanical properties, processing and economy. For example, the design of large-size billet continuous casting graphite mold is combined with computer simulation. And test to optimize the internal cooling channel and improve the cooling efficiency and uniformity. Use CNC machining to ensure micron precision, and special coatings are formed by chemical vapor deposition and other surface treatments. To enhance mold wear resistance, oxidation resistance and release performance.

Adaptability adjustment with continuous casting equipment

You should adapt the graphite mold to the components of continuous casting equipment. The cooling system optimizes the flow distribution and flow control according to the heat conduction characteristics of the mold. For example, use the zone cooling technology to accurately control the temperature according to the solidification condition of the casting billet to reduce internal defects. The transmission system ensures accurate mold installation positioning and high matching accuracy to ensure smooth operation. The control system monitors and adjusts liquid metal temperature, casting speed, cooling strength and other parameters in real time to meet mold requirements. And then realize automatic and intelligent continuous casting.

Graphite mold installation, use and maintenance methods

Installation in strict accordance with the procedures to ensure that the mold is firm, sealed, anti-leakage deformation. Such as the use of special tools and sealing materials to install graphite crystallizers to prevent steel leakage. Strictly control process parameters during use to prevent mold overload or abnormal thermal shock. Regular maintenance, with high pressure gas purging and chemical cleaning to remove impurities. Maintain heat dissipation and lubrication performance, serious wear parts with graphite repair material repair, extend life.

結論

With the progress of material technology and continuous casting process, the application prospect of graphite mold is broad. And it is expected to contribute more to modern industry. The future exploration of graphite material performance optimization, new mold development and innovative applications is the key to promoting continuous progress in this field. And its application will continue to expand and deepen, adding vitality to the global industry.