{"id":7713,"date":"2025-03-22T07:31:42","date_gmt":"2025-03-22T07:31:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/?p=7713"},"modified":"2025-03-22T07:31:42","modified_gmt":"2025-03-22T07:31:42","slug":"apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/","title":{"rendered":"Apa yang dimaksud dengan Grafit yang Dimurnikan?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dalam bidang ilmu material, grafit digunakan secara luas dengan sifat fisik dan kimianya yang unik, dari ujung pensil hingga produk berteknologi tinggi. Namun demikian, terdapat banyak pengotor dalam grafit alami, yang secara serius memengaruhi performa. Dan grafit yang dimurnikan telah menjadi kuncinya, yang dapat membantunya memainkan nilai yang lebih besar, mendorong perkembangan teknologi.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Daftar Isi<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Beralih Daftar Isi\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Beralih<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Preparation_method_of_purified_graphite\" >Metode persiapan grafit yang dimurnikan<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Physical_method\" >Metode fisik<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#High_temperature_sublimation_method\" >Metode sublimasi suhu tinggi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Chemical_method\" >Metode kimia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Purified_graphite_performance_characterization\" >Karakterisasi kinerja grafit yang dimurnikan<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Purity_test_means\" >Uji kemurnian berarti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Microstructure_observation\" >Pengamatan struktur mikro<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Performance_Test\" >Uji Kinerja<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Purified_graphite_applications\" >Aplikasi grafit yang dimurnikan<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Lithium-ion_batteries\" >Baterai lithium-ion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Semiconductor_manufacturing\" >Manufaktur semikonduktor<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Nuclear_industry\" >Industri nuklir<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#High-end_lubricating_materials\" >Bahan pelumas kelas atas<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/#Conclusion\" >Kesimpulan<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preparation_method_of_purified_graphite\"><\/span>Metode persiapan grafit yang dimurnikan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Physical_method\"><\/span>Metode fisik<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Metode flotasi:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pemisahan dicapai berdasarkan perbedaan sifat fisik permukaan grafit dan pengotor. Terutama keterbasahan yang berbeda. Hidrofobisitas alami grafit bagus, dan mineral pengotor bersifat hidrofilik. Bijih grafit digiling dan dicampur dengan air untuk membentuk bubur kertas, dan kolektor dan bahan pembusa ditambahkan. Kolektor membuat grafit lebih hidrofobik dan lebih mudah melekat pada gelembung. Bahan pembusa menghasilkan gelembung yang stabil. Melalui udara ke pulp, grafit mengapung bersama gelembung membentuk lapisan busa. Dan kotoran tetap berada di bagian bawah untuk mencapai pemisahan.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Prosesnya sederhana, berbiaya rendah, cocok untuk pengolahan bijih grafit skala besar. Tetapi sulit untuk menghilangkan kotoran embedment berbutir halus, efek pemurniannya terbatas. Umumnya hanya dapat meningkatkan kemurnian grafit menjadi 80%-90%.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b> <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7774\" src=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite.jpg\" alt=\"Grafit yang dimurnikan\" width=\"445\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite.jpg 750w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite-144x144.jpg 144w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Purified-Graphite-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High_temperature_sublimation_method\"><\/span>Metode sublimasi suhu tinggi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Penggunaan suhu sublimasi grafit dan pengotor adalah pemurnian yang berbeda. Titik leleh grafit setinggi 3652 \u2103, sulit untuk meleleh di bawah tekanan atmosfer. Di bawah suhu tinggi <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vacuum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vakum<\/a>suhu di atas 2700 \u2103. Kotoran seperti silikon, aluminium, dan besi lebih disukai untuk disublimasikan, dan grafit pada dasarnya tetap padat. Masukkan grafit ke dalam tungku suhu tinggi khusus. Pada 10<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><sup>3<\/sup><sup>\u00a0<\/sup>-10<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><sup>5<\/sup><sup>\u00a0<\/sup>Pa suhu vakum tinggi hingga 2800-3000 \u2103, kotoran menyublim setelah diekstraksi dengan pompa vakum. Ini bisa mendapatkan kemurnian grafit lebih dari 99,99%. Namun, peralatannya mahal, konsumsi energinya besar, dan skala produksinya terbatas.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chemical_method\"><\/span>Metode kimia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Metode asam alkali: <\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Umumnya menggunakan metode pemurnian kimiawi, reaksi dengan alkali dan asam untuk mengubah kotoran menjadi zat yang dapat larut untuk dihilangkan. Pertama, campurkan grafit dan natrium hidroksida secara proporsional, panggang pada suhu 500-700 \u2103. Dan pengotor seperti silika dan alumina bereaksi menghasilkan natrium silikat dan natrium metaaluminat. Produk yang dipanggang direndam dalam air dan disaring untuk menghilangkan garam yang larut. Kemudian tambahkan asam klorida ke residu filter, besi, kalsium, dan pengotor logam lainnya untuk menghasilkan klorida yang dapat larut. Setelah penyaringan, cuci grafit yang dimurnikan. Prosesnya matang, peralatannya sederhana, efek pemurniannya bagus, dapat meningkatkan kemurnian grafit menjadi 95%-99%. Tetapi akan menghasilkan banyak residu limbah air limbah, mencemari lingkungan.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Metode asam fluorida: <\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Penggunaan asam fluorida dan pemurnian kotoran. Asam fluorida bereaksi dengan pengotor seperti silikon dioksida untuk membentuk gas silikon tetrafluorida yang mudah menguap. Grafit dicampur dengan asam fluorida secara proporsional, bereaksi pada suhu yang sesuai, menyaring dan mencuci setelah selesai untuk mendapatkan grafit dengan kemurnian tinggi. Hal ini dapat meningkatkan kemurnian grafit hingga lebih dari 99%. Namun, asam fluorida sangat korosif dan beracun, memiliki persyaratan keamanan yang tinggi untuk peralatan dan personel. Dan sulit untuk mengolah air limbah yang mengandung fluor, dan biaya perlindungan lingkungan tinggi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Purified_graphite_performance_characterization\"><\/span>Karakterisasi kinerja grafit yang dimurnikan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Purity_test_means\"><\/span>Uji kemurnian berarti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Analisis kimia: <\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Menggunakan instrumen untuk menganalisis elemen pengotor grafit secara kuantitatif untuk menentukan kemurniannya. Seperti ICP-MS yang dapat secara bersamaan mengukur berbagai elemen jejak, sensitivitas sangat tinggi, dapat mendeteksi kandungan pengotor yang sangat rendah. AAS terutama difokuskan pada pengotor logam, dengan mengatomisasi sampel dan mengukur tingkat penyerapan cahaya. Konsentrasi pengotor dihitung secara akurat, dan kemudian kemurnian grafit diperoleh.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Metode penentuan abu: <\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sampel grafit dibakar pada suhu 950-1000 \u00b0C hingga beratnya konstan, bahan organik yang mudah menguap, dll.. Fraksi massa abu yang tersisa secara tidak langsung dapat mencerminkan kemurnian grafit. Pengoperasiannya sederhana, tetapi hanya kandungan pengotor total yang dapat diketahui. Dan jenis pengotor tertentu tidak dapat ditentukan.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Microstructure_observation\"><\/span>Pengamatan struktur mikro<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Memindai mikroskop elektron (SEM)<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Digunakan untuk mengamati situasi mikroskopis grafit, yang secara jelas dapat menunjukkan struktur berlapis, morfologi kristal dan distribusi pengotor. Pada resolusi tinggi, Anda bahkan dapat melihat fitur mikroskopis, seperti cacat kristal. Ini membantu kita memahami sifat-sifat grafit dan efek pemurnian pada strukturnya.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Mikroskop elektron transmisi (TEM):<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Memungkinkan studi mendalam mengenai struktur mikro grafit, seperti struktur kisi. Menembus sampel tipis dan menggunakan difraksi elektron serta teknik pencitraan untuk mengungkapkan susunan atom. Membantu mempelajari perubahan struktur kristal grafit selama pemurnian.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Performance_Test\"><\/span>Uji Kinerja<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>Uji konduktivitas:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Konduktivitas grafit itu sendiri bagus, dan akan lebih baik setelah dimurnikan. Metode empat probe biasanya digunakan untuk mengukur hambatan listrik dan menghitung konduktivitas listrik, yang merupakan kunci untuk mengukur. Pada baterai lithium-ion, anoda grafit dengan konduktivitas tinggi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pengisian dan pengosongan baterai.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Uji stabilitas termal: <\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Stabilitas termal sangat penting untuk grafit dalam aplikasi suhu tinggi. Perubahan massa dan panas dianalisis dengan analisis termogravimetri (TGA) dan kalorimetri pemindaian diferensial (DSC). Untuk mengevaluasi stabilitas kinerja grafit pada suhu yang berbeda.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Purified_graphite_applications\"><\/span>Aplikasi grafit yang dimurnikan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lithium-ion_batteries\"><\/span>Baterai lithium-ion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Dalam baterai lithium-ion, grafit adalah hal yang umum <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/produk\/anoda-grafit\/\">anoda<\/a> bahan. Grafit yang dimurnikan memiliki kapasitas spesifik teoritis yang lebih tinggi dan stabilitas siklus yang lebih baik, yang dapat mengurangi penghalang pengotor pada aktivitas lithium-ion. Ini dapat mengurangi hambatan internal, meningkatkan kepadatan energi baterai, efisiensi pengisian dan pengosongan dan kinerja tingkat, memperpanjang masa pakai. Dan dapat memenuhi permintaan baterai berkinerja tinggi seperti kendaraan listrik.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Semiconductor_manufacturing\"><\/span>Manufaktur semikonduktor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Manufaktur semikonduktor membutuhkan kemurnian material yang sangat tinggi. Anda dapat menggunakan grafit yang telah dimurnikan dalam peralatan produksi <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/produk\/perahu-grafit\/\">perahu grafit<\/a>perlengkapan dan komponen lainnya. Karena kandungan pengotornya yang sangat rendah, ia dapat menghindari pencemaran perangkat semikonduktor. Kemurnian tinggi dan stabilitas termalnya dapat memenuhi persyaratan proses suhu tinggi dan presisi tinggi. Untuk memastikan produksi perangkat semikonduktor berkualitas tinggi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nuclear_industry\"><\/span>Industri nuklir<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Dalam industri nuklir, grafit digunakan sebagai moderator neutron dan bahan reflektif. Kinerja perlambatan neutron grafit yang dimurnikan bagus, stabilitas kimianya kuat. Secara efektif dapat mengontrol kecepatan dan distribusi neutron, mengurangi gangguan pengotor pada reaksi nuklir. Ini meningkatkan keselamatan reaktor dan efisiensi operasi, dan sangat penting dalam reaktor nuklir tingkat lanjut.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High-end_lubricating_materials\"><\/span>Bahan pelumas kelas atas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Grafit memiliki performa pelumasan yang baik dan merupakan bahan baku yang penting untuk bahan pelumas kelas atas. Bahan pelumas yang terbuat dari grafit yang dimurnikan dapat mempertahankan kinerja pelumasan yang sangat baik dalam kondisi ekstrem seperti suhu tinggi, tekanan tinggi, dan vakum tinggi. Ini dapat memenuhi kebutuhan peralatan yang menuntut di bidang kedirgantaraan, mengurangi keausan komponen.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Kesimpulan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Grafit yang dimurnikan dapat secara efektif menghilangkan kotoran dan meningkatkan performa. Dan metode pemurnian yang berbeda memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan, yang harus dipertimbangkan secara komprehensif. Ini memiliki nilai aplikasi yang bagus di banyak bidang dan mendorong perkembangan industri. Di masa depan, teknologi pemurnian yang lebih efisien, ramah lingkungan, dan berbiaya rendah akan dikembangkan dan diterapkan.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the field of materials science, graphite is widely used with its unique physical and chemical properties, from pencil leads to high-tech products. However, there are many impurities in natural graphite, which seriously affects the performance. And purified graphite has become the key, which can help it play a greater value, promote the development of [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7773,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-carbon-graphite"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.2.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Purified Graphite? | Jinsun Carbon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-yang-dimurnikan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is Purified Graphite?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the field of materials science, graphite is widely used with its unique physical and chemical properties, from pencil leads to high-tech products. 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