{"id":6699,"date":"2024-11-19T14:13:50","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T14:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/?p=6699"},"modified":"2024-11-19T14:19:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T14:19:32","slug":"apa-itu-karbon-hitam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/","title":{"rendered":"Apa yang dimaksud dengan Karbon Hitam? Panduan Mudah untuk Dasar-dasarnya"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Karbon hitam adalah bubuk hitam murni, dan juga disebut sebagai asap karbon. Terdiri dari unsur karbon, sebuah bentuk amorf dari <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/produk\/pengumpul-karbon\/\">karbon<\/a>. Bahan utama yang digunakan sebagai bahan dasar dalam banyak industri adalah karbon hitam. Pembakaran hidrokarbon di udara yang tidak memadai menghasilkan karbon hitam. Tidak seperti jelaga, karbon hitam tidak mengandung kontaminasi anorganik dan residu organik yang dapat diekstraksi.<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6702 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Carbon-black.jpg\" alt=\"Karbon hitam\" width=\"593\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Carbon-black.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Carbon-black-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Carbon-black-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Carbon-black-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Carbon-black-600x398.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 593px) 100vw, 593px\" \/><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Daftar Isi<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Beralih Daftar Isi\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Beralih<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Properties_of_Carbon_Black\" >Sifat-sifat Karbon Hitam<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Particle_Size\" >Ukuran Partikel<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Structure\" >Struktur<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Porosity\" >Porositas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Chemical_composition\" >Komposisi kimia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Surface_Chemistry\" >Kimia Permukaan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Density\" >Kepadatan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Color\" >Warna<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Solubility\" >Kelarutan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Heat_Dissipation\" >Pembuangan Panas<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#What_Is_Carbon_Black_Used_for\" >Untuk Apa Karbon Hitam Digunakan?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Tire_and_Rubber_Industries\" >Industri Ban dan Karet<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Plastics_and_Coatings\" >Plastik dan Pelapis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Carbon_black_grades\" >Nilai karbon hitam<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#How_is_carbon_black_made\" >Bagaimana karbon hitam dibuat?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#What_is_the_Carbon_black_price_in_the_market\" >Berapa harga Karbon hitam di pasar?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Raw_material_costs\" >Biaya bahan baku<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Market_Supply_and_Demand_Relationship\" >Hubungan Penawaran dan Permintaan Pasar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Carbon_black_vs_Graphite\" >Karbon hitam vs Grafit<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Chemical_properties\" >Sifat kimiawi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Physical_Properties\" >Sifat Fisik<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Optical_Properties\" >Properti Optik<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Carbon_black_environment_impact\" >Dampak lingkungan karbon hitam<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Energy_consumption\" >Konsumsi energi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Air_pollution\" >Polusi udara<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Substitution_and_Sustainability\" >Substitusi dan Keberlanjutan<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-karbon-hitam\/#Conclusion\" >Kesimpulan<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Properties_of_Carbon_Black\"><\/span>Sifat-sifat Karbon Hitam<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Karbon hitam dapat dianggap sebagai bahan nano yang paling banyak digunakan. Material ini terdiri dari struktur mikrokristalin dengan diameter puluhan hingga ratusan nanometer. Tabel di bawah ini memberikan gambaran lengkap tentang sifat fisika-kimia karbon hitam; tabel ini merangkum karakteristik utama dan sifat-sifat yang relevan dalam industri.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Particle_Size\"><\/span>Ukuran Partikel<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ukuran dapat didefinisikan sebagai diameter rata-rata partikel karbon hitam, yang biasanya terdiri atas segala sesuatu dari 10 hingga 200 nanometer. Dimensi berbeda dalam berbagai distribusi partikel dan berhubungan dengan proses produksi yang berbeda dan sifat bahan baku.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Structure\"><\/span>Struktur<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Karbon hitam terdiri dari \"partikel\" atau \"nodul\" primer yang menyatu menjadi entitas koloid kaku yang disebut agregat. Nodul ini terdiri dari tumpukan grafit mikro dengan sumbu c yang tegak lurus terhadap permukaan.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Porosity\"><\/span>Porositas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Pori-pori karbon hitam terdiri atas dua jenis: mikro dan mesopori. Yang pertama mengacu pada ukuran pori kurang dari 2nm, sedangkan yang kedua mengacu pada pori antara 2nm-50nm. Pori-pori di dalamnya meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap penuaan dan abrasi pada karet.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chemical_composition\"><\/span>Komposisi kimia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Komponen utama karbon hitam adalah unsur karbon (&gt;97%), hidrogen, oksigen, sulfur, dan nitrogen.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Surface_Chemistry\"><\/span>Kimia Permukaan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Gugus fungsi oksigen (fenol, kuinon, gugus karboksil) pada permukaan karbon hitam memengaruhi reaktivitas, dispersi, dan sifat kelistrikannya. Oksidasi karbon hitam meningkatkan dispersi pigmen karbon hitam sekaligus menurunkan pH dan mengubah kinetika sulfasi.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Density\"><\/span>Kepadatan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Kepadatan karbon hitam berada di antara kepadatan curah dan kepadatan aktual. Berbagai jenis karbon hitam memiliki kepadatan kemasan yang berbeda. Diantaranya, karbon hitam vulkanisir dan pirolitik memiliki kepadatan pengemasan yang lebih tinggi, dan karbon hitam yang diberi perlakuan permukaan fase gas memiliki kepadatan pengemasan yang lebih rendah.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Color\"><\/span>Warna<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Karbon hitam umumnya dibagi menjadi karbon hitam berpigmen tinggi, berpigmen sedang, berpigmen biasa, dan berpigmen rendah menurut kekuatan warna dan ukuran partikel. Ini memiliki kinerja dispersi yang baik, daya pewarnaan, dan daya penutup yang kuat.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solubility\"><\/span>Kelarutan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Karbon hitam memiliki sifat pelarutan yang tidak dapat dipulihkan dan sulit untuk dilarutkan ke dalam bentuk cair. Namun demikian, karbon hitam yang sesungguhnya dapat larut sebagian dalam beberapa kondisi khusus.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Heat_Dissipation\"><\/span>Pembuangan Panas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Dispersi termal karbon hitam memengaruhi sifat mekanik, ketahanan panas, dan stabilitas oksidatif produk karet. Pencampuran mekanis dan pemrosesan basah atau kering adalah metode yang umum digunakan untuk mencapai dispersi karbon hitam. Dispersan, pengubah permukaan, dan metode pemrosesan yang canggih sering kali mendistribusikannya secara lebih merata.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_Carbon_Black_Used_for\"><\/span>Untuk Apa Karbon Hitam Digunakan?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tire_and_Rubber_Industries\"><\/span>Industri Ban dan Karet<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Karbon hitam juga merupakan istilah umum untuk kelas utama produk penguat karet. Saat ini, dunia memproduksi dan mengkonsumsi 70% pasokan produksi karbon hitam dunia untuk industri ban karet. Karbon hitam ditambahkan ke ban untuk meningkatkan ketahanan abrasi ban, meningkatkan traksi atau cengkeraman ban di tanah, dan untuk memperkuat ban untuk kinerja dalam daya tahan dan stabilitas.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Plastics_and_Coatings\"><\/span>Plastik dan Pelapis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Plastik<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Karbon hitam digunakan dalam plastik berikut ini: polietilen, polipropilen, polivinil klorida, dan <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polystyrene#:~:text=Polystyrene%20(PS)%20%2F%CB%8Cp,inexpensive%20resin%20per%20unit%20weight.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">polistiren<\/a>meningkatkan sifat mekanik seperti ketahanan tarik dan abrasi, memberikan konduktivitas listrik, dan ketahanan terhadap panas dan cuaca.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pelapis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ini memainkan peran penting dalam <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coating\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pelapis<\/a> untuk konstruksi, mobil, gerbong kereta api, dan kapal. Secara umum, pelapis membutuhkan sifat-sifat berikut: tingkat kehitaman yang tinggi, sifat aliran yang baik, dan stabilitas yang baik terhadap pengendapan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bahan Konduksi dan Elektronik<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Konduktivitas karbon hitam terkait dengan struktur, permukaan, dan kerapatan ukuran partikel, terutama melalui saluran konduktif dan mekanisme emisi medan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pelindung EMI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Konduktivitas dapat diwujudkan dengan komposit polimer karbon hitam-karbon, terutama karbon hitam yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku utama, dengan menambahkan bahan pengisi dan perekat tertentu. Karena kualitas perisai interferensi konduktif, antistatis dan elektromagnetik, karbon hitam konduktif juga dapat digunakan dalam memproduksi bahan perisai elektromagnetik.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carbon_black_grades\"><\/span>Nilai karbon hitam<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Berdasarkan ukuran partikel, struktur (seperti luas permukaan dan nilai DBPA), dan sifat penggunaan, nilainya biasanya dibagi ke dalam kategori berikut:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"204\">Tungku Abrasi Super Hitam, SAF<\/td>\n<td width=\"203\">Ukuran partikel minimal dan ketahanan abrasi yang tinggi untuk tapak ban khusus yang menuntut<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"204\">Tungku Abrasi Tinggi Hitam, HAF<\/td>\n<td width=\"203\">Ukuran partikel yang sedikit lebih besar, memadukan ketahanan aus yang tinggi dan kemampuan proses yang baik<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"204\">Tungku Abrasi Tinggi Tujuan Umum Hitam, GP-HAF<\/td>\n<td width=\"203\">Ukuran partikel sedang, ketahanan abrasi yang tinggi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"204\">Tungku Semi-Penguat Hitam, SRF<\/td>\n<td width=\"203\">Sifat penguat rendah dengan modulus tinggi dan ekspansi modal rendah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"204\">Tungku Serba Guna Hitam, GPF<\/td>\n<td width=\"203\">Karbon hitam serba guna dengan modulus sedang dan ketahanan lelah lentur yang baik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"204\">Hitam Termal<\/td>\n<td width=\"203\">Ukuran partikel yang lebih besar, struktur rendah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_is_carbon_black_made\"><\/span>Bagaimana karbon hitam dibuat?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Tungku Karbon Hitam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ini berasal dari pembakaran yang tidak sempurna dari bahan baku minyak dalam reaktor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Saluran Hitam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tinta yang dihasilkan dari gas alam memiliki keunggulan partikel kecil, luas permukaan spesifik yang besar, tingkat kehitaman yang tinggi, dan kekuatan warna yang kuat. Lebih banyak gugus fungsi oksigen dapat menunda proses vulkanisasi karet untuk meningkatkan fluiditas dan kemampuan cetak tinta.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hitam Termal<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Karbon hitam ini terutama diproduksi oleh perengkahan gas alam bersuhu tinggi dalam kondisi bebas oksigen dan bebas api. Luas permukaan spesifik karbon hitam ini rendah, dengan kandungan oksigen yang rendah pada permukaannya.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_the_Carbon_black_price_in_the_market\"><\/span>Berapa harga Karbon hitam di pasar?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Raw_material_costs\"><\/span>Biaya bahan baku<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Karbon hitam terutama menggunakan bahan baku yang diproduksi melalui tar batubara. Baru-baru ini, harga pasar tar batubara yang berfluktuasi secara langsung berdampak pada biaya produksi. Pada bulan Maret tahun ini, misalnya, harga tar batubara melonjak sebesar 645 USD\/ton, sehingga meningkatkan biaya produksi karbon hitam.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Market_Supply_and_Demand_Relationship\"><\/span>Hubungan Penawaran dan Permintaan Pasar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Oleh karena itu, pada awal tahun 2024, produsen karbon hitam di Asia mengantisipasi permintaan yang meningkat secara signifikan dan dengan demikian meningkatkan produksinya. Namun, segera terlihat bahwa tingkat pengadaan yang sebenarnya bervariasi dari yang diperkirakan. Hal ini menyebabkan kelebihan pasokan di pasar. Kondisi pasar baru-baru ini membaik karena akhir kuartal, dan harga selanjutnya menjadi stabil.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carbon_black_vs_Graphite\"><\/span>Karbon hitam vs Grafit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chemical_properties\"><\/span>Sifat kimiawi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Sifat kimia Karbon Hitam relatif aktif, sedangkan sifat kimia grafit menggambarkan stabilitas, suhu tinggi dan ketahanan terhadap korosi. <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/id\/apa-itu-grafit-dan-terbuat-dari-apa-grafit\/\">Grafit<\/a> menunjukkan perilaku tidak larut dalam air dan pelarut organik. Pada suhu tinggi, ia mudah bereaksi dengan oksigen atau logam dan membentuk oksida atau karbida.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Physical_Properties\"><\/span>Sifat Fisik<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Grafit memiliki struktur rantai atau agregasi seperti anggur yang berbeda, dan penampilan utamanya adalah kristal. Baik grafit maupun karbon hitam menunjukkan konduktivitas listrik yang baik.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Optical_Properties\"><\/span>Properti Optik<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Grafit relatif homogen dari segi kehitaman dan memiliki daya hamburan cahaya yang tinggi, dan karenanya tidak dapat digunakan sebagai pigmen yang efektif. Kehitaman karbon hitam terutama berasal dari kemampuannya menyerap cahaya; pada umumnya, semakin halus ukuran partikelnya, semakin tinggi tingkat kehitamannya.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carbon_black_environment_impact\"><\/span>Dampak lingkungan karbon hitam<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Energy_consumption\"><\/span><strong>Konsumsi energi<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Proses pembuatan karbon hitam melibatkan pembakaran energi dalam jumlah besar seperti minyak dan gas alam. Namun, konsumsi daya yang berlebihan mengakibatkan penggunaan sumber daya yang berlebihan dan emisi gas rumah kaca.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Air_pollution\"><\/span><strong>Polusi udara<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Produksi karbon hitam mengeluarkan VOC bersama dengan materi partikulat, yang merupakan kontributor terhadap penurunan kualitas udara.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Substitution_and_Sustainability\"><\/span><strong>Substitusi dan Keberlanjutan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Karena sifat dari proses pembuatan karbon hitam, ada kemampuan untuk memanfaatkan energi bersih matahari dan angin selain menggabungkan limbah bekas dan bahan hijau alternatif.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Kesimpulan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Karbon hitam adalah zat yang sangat diperlukan dalam industri modern. Karena pewarnaannya yang tinggi, konduktivitas listrik yang tinggi, dan dispersi termal yang baik, zat ini menjadi sangat penting dalam karet, plastik, pelapis, tinta, dll. Karbon hitam dapat memenuhi kebutuhan industri yang berbeda sehubungan dengan pencemaran lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh produksi, dan masih ada kebutuhan untuk mengeksplorasi cara memperbaikinya.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carbon black is a pure black powder, and it has also been termed as carbon fume. It consists of elemental carbon, an amorphous form of carbon. The main material used as a base in many industries is carbon black. Insufficient air combustion of hydrocarbons produces carbon black. Unlike soot, carbon black does not contain any [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6702,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-carbon-material"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.2.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Carbon Black? Easy Guide to Basics Easy Guide to Basics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Carbon black is a pure black powder, and it has also been termed as carbon fume. 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