{"id":7429,"date":"2025-01-25T08:33:18","date_gmt":"2025-01-25T08:33:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/?p=7429"},"modified":"2025-02-07T01:31:21","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T01:31:21","slug":"%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"\u039c\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u039f \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u038c\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#What_is_graphite_in_cast_iron\" >\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Graphite_in_cast_iron_overview\" >\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Basic_properties_of_graphite\" >\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Importance_of_graphite_in_cast_iron\" >\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Different_types_of_graphite_in_cast_iron\" >\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Spheroidal_graphite_cast_iron_Nodular_graphite_cast_iron\" >\u03a7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 (\u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Formation_mechanism_of_spherical_graphite\" >\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Properties_of_spheroidal_cast_iron\" >\u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Microstructure_of_spherical_cast_iron\" >\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Sg_iron_vs_cast_iron\" >\u03a3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 Sg vs \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Gray_cast_iron\" >\u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Microstructure_of_gray_cast_iron\" >\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Graphite_flakes_in_gray_cast_iron\" >\u039d\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Graphite_flake_size_in_cast_iron\" >\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Compacted_graphite_cast_iron\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Formation_mechanism_of_wormlike_graphite\" >\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Properties_of_compacted_graphite_cast_iron\" >\u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Microstructure_of_compacted_graphite_cast_iron\" >\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Cast_iron_microstructure_analysis\" >\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Analytical_methods\" >\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Relationship_between_microstructure_and_properties\" >\u03a3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%ac%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b5-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%87%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b4%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%bf\/#Conclusion\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_graphite_in_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%8a%cf%8c%ce%bd\/%cf%86%cf%85%cf%83%ce%b9%ce%ba%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%82\/\">\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u039f \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5-\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 2,11% (\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac 2,5-4,0%). \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7. \u0397 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7434 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/graphite-in-cast-iron-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\" width=\"556\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/graphite-in-cast-iron-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/graphite-in-cast-iron-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/graphite-in-cast-iron-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/graphite-in-cast-iron-600x398.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/graphite-in-cast-iron.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_in_cast_iron_overview\"><\/span>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basic_properties_of_graphite\"><\/span>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u039f \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 van der Waals \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 Mohs \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf 1-2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b2\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importance_of_graphite_in_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u039f \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 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\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <a href=\"https:\/\/topsbest-precision.com\/die-casting-services\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/a> \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Different_types_of_graphite_in_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Spheroidal_graphite_cast_iron_Nodular_graphite_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u03a7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 (\u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u039f \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf, \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Formation_mechanism_of_spherical_graphite\"><\/span>\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b6\u03ce\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af. \u039f \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Properties_of_spheroidal_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 400MPa-1000MPa, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2%-20%, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03bf\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Microstructure_of_spherical_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 (\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae). \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sg_iron_vs_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u03a3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 Sg vs \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u039f \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u039f \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bf\u03b6\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f \u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 Sg \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gray_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Microstructure_of_gray_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 (\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae), \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_flakes_in_gray_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u039d\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. <a href=\"https:\/\/jinsuncarbon.com\/el\/%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%8a%cf%8c%ce%bd\/%ce%bd%ce%b9%cf%86%ce%ac%ce%b4%ce%b5%cf%82-%ce%b3%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%af%cf%84%ce%b7\/\">\u039d\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<\/a>\u00a0\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba \u03ba\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graphite_flake_size_in_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf) \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Compacted_graphite_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Formation_mechanism_of_wormlike_graphite\"><\/span>\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae (\u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc. \u039f \u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf. \u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Properties_of_compacted_graphite_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03cc\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc 300MPa-500MPa, \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03b6\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/engineering\/grey-cast-iron#:~:text=Second%20Edition)%2C%202016-,Gray%20Cast%20Iron,from%200.1%25%20to%201.2%25.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf<\/a>, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Microstructure_of_compacted_graphite_cast_iron\"><\/span>\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 (\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae). \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cast_iron_microstructure_analysis\"><\/span>\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Analytical_methods\"><\/span>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b2\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b2\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (SEM) \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae (EPMA) \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b8\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd-\u03c7 (XRD) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relationship_between_microstructure_and_properties\"><\/span>\u03a3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0397 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf. \u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Casting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u039f \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf. \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As a kind of engineering material with a long history and wide application, the performance of cast iron depends largely on the graphite form inside. Graphite is like a double-edged sword in cast iron. It\u00a0not only gives cast iron unique properties, but also has a complex effect on its properties. What is graphite in cast [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7434,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7429","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-carbon-graphite"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.2.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Learn About Graphite In Cast Iron | Jinsun Carbon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Graphite is an allotrope of carbon that exists as an independent phase in cast iron. 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